11월 10일, 볼리비아의 에보 모랄레스 대통령이 대통령직에서 축출되었다. 형식적으로는 모랄레스 대통령이 사임을 하는 것이었으나, 이는 볼리비아에서 실질적인 정치권력을 쥐고 있는 소수 특권층(나와 노엄 촘스키 교수가 이번 볼리비아 쿠데타 발생 하루 전에 발표한 성명서에도 명시했듯, 지난 13여년 간 미국 정부는 이들이 쿠데타를 일으킬 것을 뒤에서 종용했다)이 획책한 것이다. 4번의 대선에서 재임에 성공한 모랄레스 대통령은 야당 대선후보였던 카를로스 메사의 공개적 반란에 직면하게 되었다. 모랄레스 대통령에게 적대적인 미주기구(OAS)에서 파견된 팀은 사실보다는 각종 의혹만 난무한 선거 보고서를 통해 이 쿠데타에 정당성을 부여했다. 이 보고서와 미국의 전적인 지원에 힘입어 경찰이 반란에 가세했고, 그 다음에는 (그 동안 중립을 유지했던) 군이 모랄레스 대통령의 사임을 촉구했다. 모랄레스 대통령에게 선택지는 없었던 것이다.
쿠데타라는 것은 참으로 흥미로운 것이다. 쿠데타를 일으킨 장본인은 절대로 자신이 한 것이 쿠데타라는 것을 인정하지 않는다. 민주주의를 회복하기 위한 것이라고 하거나, 종국적으로는 민주주의를 위한 조건을 만들기 위해 극단적인 수단을 사용하는 것이라고 말한다. 이렇게 쿠데타를 정의하는 것이야말로 심히 우려스럽다. 하지만 모든 쿠데타가 다 같은 것은 아니다. 쿠데타에도 최소 두 종류의 쿠데타가 있다. 하나는 장군급이 일으키는 쿠데타이고, 다른 하나는 대령급이 일으키는 쿠데타이다.
우리가 대령이 주도한 전형적인 쿠데타를 본지도 꽤 오래 되었다. 가장 최근의 성공적인 쿠데타는 1983년 토마스 상카라 대위가 오트볼타 공화국(지금의 부르키나파소)을 세우고 권력을 잡았던 것이다. 1952년 이집트에서 있었던 쿠데타 이후로 일어난 이러한 대령급의 쿠데타는 노동자 계급, 농민, 도시 빈민에 충성하는 하사관들이 주도한다. 그들의 쿠데타는 정치권력을 독점한 특권층에 저항하며, 다영한 종류의 사회주의를 지지한다. (1952년 볼리비아 국가 혁명 또한 이 범주에 속한다)
이와 다르게 장군이 주도하는 쿠데타는 특권증 출신이거나 자신의 이해관계가 특권층과 밀접한 관련이 있는 장교들이 주도한다. 우리는 이러한 반혁명 쿠데타를 가장 흔하게 접한다. (볼리비아 역시 1964년, 1970년, 1980년, 2019년에 이러한 유형의 쿠데타를 겪었다) 모랄레스 대통령의 사임을 촉구했던 윌리엄 칼리만 장군은 악명 높은 미국의 아메리카 군사학교(SOA)에서 훈련을 받았고, 사회주의운동당(MAS) 정부에 대한 쿠데타를 일으켰다.
이러한 일련의 쿠데타는 장기적인 사회 구조, 그리고 제국주의 세력과 탈식민지화 세력 간의 오랜 싸움에서 벌어지는 사건일 뿐이다. 1941년에 미국 외교협의회는 미 국무부를 위해 경제협력의 방법: 미국 경제정책에서 대지역(Grand Area)의 역할이라는 중요한 문건을 작성했다. 보고서는 ‘대지역’을 서반구 전체를 아우르는 지역으로 정의했는데, 여기에는 유럽의 상당수 국가, 영 제국, 네덜란드령 동인도 제도, 환태평양 국가(중국, 일본 포함)가 포함된다. 서반구 국가에는 카리브해 및 라틴아메리카 국가들이 모두 포함되었고, 보고서는 이들 국가가 ‘원재료 산지이며 제조기업의 시장’이 될 것이라 기술했다. 이 보고서야말로 1823년 먼로 독트린의 20세기 버전이라 하겠다.
수 년 후, 미 국무부는 ‘압도적인 권력 이하의 것을 추구한다는 것은 실패를 선택한 것이나 마찬가지이다. 압도적 권력이 미국 정책의 목표가 되어야 한다’고 확언했다. 그러나 미국이 식민주의 양태를 띄지 않으면서도 그러한 권력을 추구하는 것이 중요한 문제로 떠올랐다. 이 문제에 관해 1962년 케네디 정부는 ‘미국이 (전면적으로 나서는 것이 아닌) 배후에 남아 있는 것이 중요하며, 가능한 곳에서는 훈련, 자문, 물자 등의 지원도 제한하여 이로 인해 해당 지역 정부의 노력에 손해를 가하거나 미국을 지나치게 노출시켜 개입과 식민주의라는 불필요한 주장을 야기하지 않도록 하는 것이 필요하다’고 강조했다. 탈식민지화 세력과 싸우기 위해 사용된 전술은 이른바 ‘하이브리드 전쟁’이다. 피노체트에서 칼리만에 이르는 장군들이 온갖 지저분한 일을 하는 동안, 미국 대사관은 깨끗한 척 앉아 있고, 그렇게 세계 자본은 자신의 목적을 달성하는 것이다.
모랄레스 대통령은 2006년 처음 당선된 이후, 볼리비아 국민의 삶의 질을 향상시켜왔다. 볼리비아 국민의 2/3는 모랄레스 대통령과 같은 원주민 출신이다. 모랄레스 대통령이 이러한 원주민의 안녕을 우선순위로 삼은 것이 오랜 특권층의 심기를 건드린 것이다. 올해 유엔 총회에서 모랄레스 대통령은 2006년 이후 볼리비아의 빈곤률은 38.2%에서 15.2%로 감소했고, 평균 수명이 9년 늘어났으며, 전국민 의료보험 체계를 개발했고, 백만 명 이상의 여성이 토지 보유권을 보장받았으며, 이제 모든 국민이 글을 읽고 쓸줄 알고, 50% 이상의 선출직 공무원이 여성이라고 말했다. 어떻게 이러한 성과를 만들어냈을까? 모랄레스 대통령은 ‘우리는 천연자원과 전략 기업을 국유화했다. 우리의 운명에 대한 통제권을 되찾아온 것’이라고 말했다.
그는 또한 ‘볼리비아에 미래가 있다’고 했지만, 이제 그 미래는 불투명해졌다.
모랄레스 대통령과 그 측근은 멕시코로 망명했다. 쿠데타 정권이 권력을 장악하기 시작하자 사회주의운동당은 볼리비아 민중이 ‘최초의 원주민 정부가 이룩한 역사적 성과를 수호하기 위한 기나긴 저항을 시작한다’고 말했다. 당이 이러한 성명서를 작성하는 동안 쿠데타 정권은 건물에 내걸렸던 원주민 깃발인 위팔라(Whipala)를 내리고 불태웠으며, 볼리비아 국기로 빈 자리를 채웠다. 이에 대해 사회주의운동당은 ‘앞으로 우리 동지들을 잡아가려 할 것이다. 우리가 서로를 가족처럼 보호하고, 사회를 재구성하며, 탄압받는 우리 지도자들을 돌보고 보호하는 것이 우리의 임무이다. 오늘은 연대해야 하는 시기이고, 내일은 다시금 조직에 나설 때’라고 말했다. 모랄레스 대통령의 위대한 인류애는 쿠데타가 벌어진 지 채 하루도 지나지 않은 상태에서 발표된 성명서에 잘 나타나 있다. ‘인간으로서’ 그는 성명서를 통해 보건의료 노동자와 교사에게 민중을 ‘따뜻함과 연대정신’으로 돌볼 것을 부탁했다.
1868년에 볼리비아 주재 영국 대사는 볼리비아 독재자였던 마리아노 멜가레호 장군을 모욕했다. 멜가레호는 해당 대사를 당나귀에 태워 라파즈 거리를 돌도록 했다. 이 소식을 듣고 분노한 영국 빅토리아 여왕은 라파즈에 폭탄을 투하할 것을 왕실 해군에 명했다. 라파즈가 안데스 고산지대에 있다는 얘기를 듣자, 여왕은 ‘볼리비아란 나라는 이제 없다’고 말했다.
볼리비아가 지도에서는 사라졌을지 몰라도, 유럽과 미국의 초국적 기업에게는 은과 주석의 주요 산지로 남아있었다. 오늘날에도 주석의 주요 생산지이며 전 세계 리튬의 70%가 볼리비아에서 생산된다. 전기차와 휴대폰 같은 전자기기에 들어가는 배터리에 사용되는 리튬에 대한 수요는 2025년까지 두 배 이상 늘 것으로 예측된다. 모랄레스 정부는 채굴 파트너십과 관련해 높은 기준을 적용했다. 볼리비아 국영 채굴기업이 채굴권의 50% 이상을 소유해야 하고, 채굴로 인한 이윤이 사회 발전에 쓰이도록 했다. 초국적 기업들은 볼리비아가 계약을 위반했다며 소송을 걸었고, 모랄레스 정부가 요구한 새로운 기준을 거부했다. 유일하게 볼리비아의 입장에 동의한 기업이 중국 기업이었다. 모랄레스 정부가 중국 기업과 채굴 계약을 하자, 이러한 초국적 기업들뿐만 아니라 해당 기업이 위치한 국가들(미국, 캐나다, 유럽연합)은 더욱 분노했다. 이러한 기업들이 볼리비아의 천연자원, 특히 전기차에 필수인 리튬의 통제권을 되찾는 것이 이번 쿠데타의 여러 측면 중 하나이다.
또 하나의 측면은 아르헨티나 좌파의 선거 승리와 브라질 룰라 전 대통령의 석방 등 ‘좌파로 돌아서고 있는’ 남미의 한 축을 없애는 것이다. 알바로 가르시아 리네라 볼리비아 부통령의 발언은 이번 쿠데타에 저항하는 볼리비아 국민들의 용감한 투쟁에서 나타나는 계급투쟁의 격동성을 상기시킨다.
우리에게 어려운 시간이 닥치겠지만, 혁명가에게 이러한 어려운 시기이야말로 우리의 힘입니다. 우리는 어려운 시기를 살아내고, 이를 통해 더 강해집니다. 사회 저 밑바닥에서부터 온 사람이 누굽니까. 바로 우리 아닙니까? 신자유주의가 판치던 시절에 탄압받고, 고문 당하고, 사회에서 배제된 것이 누굽니까. 바로 우리 아닙니까? 우리의 몸에는 1980년대와 90년대의 투쟁으로 인한 상흔이 새겨져 있습니다. 그리고 오늘, 잠정적으로, 또는 일시적으로 우리가 1980년대와 90년대, 2000년대의 투쟁을 다시 이어서 해야 한다면, 저는 이것을 환영합니다. 이 투쟁이야말로 혁명가가 왜 있어야하는지를 말해주니까요. 투쟁하고, 승리하고, 패배하고 다시 일어서고, 투쟁하고, 승리하고, 패배하고 다시 일어서는 것입니다. 우리의 생이 다 할 때까지, 이것이 우리의 운명입니다.
한편, 볼리비아의 임시 대통령을 자처한 자니네 아녜스 차베스는 공식적으로 다음과 같은 발언을 했다. ‘나는 악마적인 원주민 의식따위는 없는 볼리비아를 꿈꾼다. 이 도시는 원주민을 위한 곳이 아니다. 원주민은 고산지대나 차코로 돌아가라고 하라.’ 다른 것은 차치하더라도, 이번 쿠데타는 인종차별주의 쿠데타이다.
글: 비자이 프라샤드 (트라이컨티넨탈 대표)
Translated by the International Strategy Center.
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- We Need to Reverse the Culture of Decay and March on the Street for a Culture of Humanity: The First Newsletter (2024)
- The World’s Economic Centre of Gravity Is Returning to Asia: The Fifty-Second Newsletter (2023)
- Transnational Corporations Provoke a Single Scream of Horror that Runs through the Vertebrae of the World: The Fifty-First Newsletter (2023)
- We Fight with Our Eyes. We Plant Seeds with Our Hands. We Will Watch the Wheat Fill the Valley: The Fiftieth Newsletter (2023)
- Your Enemies Destroyed One Palestine; My Wounds Populated Many Palestines: The Forty-Ninth Newsletter (2023)
- The Dangerously Appealing Style of the Far Right: The Forty-Eighth Newsletter (2023)
- A New Mood in the World Will Put an End to the Global Monroe Doctrine: The Forty-Seventh Newsletter (2023)
- The Intimate Embrace Between Liberalism and the Far Right: The Forty-Sixth Newsletter (2023)
- From Gaza and Cuba, They Ask – Are You Human Like Us?: The Forty-Fifth Newsletter (2023)
- War Looks Just as War Looks: Dismal and Ugly: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2023)
- How the International Monetary Fund Continues to Shrink the Poorer Nations: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2023)
- The Palestinian People Are Already Free: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2023)
- A Reading List for the Delhi Police from Tricontinental Research Services: The Forty-First Newsletter (2023)
- We Have Here, in Africa, Everything Necessary to Become a Powerful, Modern, and Industrialised Continent: The Fortieth Newsletter (2023)
- Shouldn’t the United Kingdom and France Relinquish Their Permanent Seats at the United Nations?: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2023)
- NATO Destroyed Libya in 2011; Storm Daniel Came to Sweep Up the Remains: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter
- Beneath the Polycrisis Is the Singular Dilemma of Humanity Called Capitalism: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2023)
- What if There Had Been No Coup in Chile in 1973?: The Thirty-Sixth Newsletter (2023)
- On 1 January 2024, the World’s Centre of Gravity Will Shift: The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2023)
- The People of Niger Want to Shatter Resignation: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2023)
- The BRICS Have Changed the Balance of Forces, but They Will Not by Themselves Change the World: The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2023)
- Can Poorer Nations Break the Cycle of Dependency That Has Inflicted Grief for a Hundred Years? The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2023)
- There Are Enough Resources in the World to Fulfil Human Needs, But Not Enough Resources to Satisfy Capitalist Greed: The Thirty-First Newsletter (2023)
- Build the Unity of the Youth of the World: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2023)
- If Everybody’s Going to Join NATO, Then Why Have the United Nations? The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2023)
- The World Needs a New Development Theory That Does Not Trap the Poor in Poverty: The Twenty-Eighth Newsletter (2023)
- The Rice Bowl of the Chinese People Is Held Firmly in Their Hands: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2023)
- Israel Cannot Rebut Apartheid: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2023)
- Can the European Leg of the Triad Break Free from the Atlantic Alliance?: The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2023)
- The Emergence of a New Non-Alignment: The Twenty-Fourth Newsletter
- For Argentina’s Small Farmers, the Land Is Predictable but the Markets Are Not: The Twenty-Third Newsletter (2023)
- Resurrecting the Concept of the Triad: The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2023)
- The Group of Seven Should Finally Be Shut Down: The Twenty-First Newsletter (2023)
- Can the Global South Build a New World Information and Communication Order?: The Twentieth Newsletter (2023)
- The Work That Tricontinental Does: The Nineteenth Newsletter (2023)
- In the Factories There Is Wealth, but There Is No Life: The Eighteenth Newsletter (2023)
- You Are Reading This Thanks to Semiconductors: The Seventeenth Newsletter (2023)
- The Death of over a Thousand Garment Workers in Bangladesh: The Sixteenth Newsletter (2023)
- So Much Lying from the International Monetary Fund: The Fifteenth Newsletter (2023)
- Women Hold Up 76.2% of the Sky: The Fourteenth Newsletter (2023)
- China’s Historical Destiny Is to Stand with the Third World: The Thirteenth Newsletter (2023)
- You Strike the Women, You Strike the Rock, You Will Be Crushed: The Twelfth Newsletter (2023)
- Birth Again the Dream of Global Peace and Mutual Respect: The Eleventh Newsletter (2023)
- Eight Contradictions of the Imperialist ‘Rules-Based Order’: The Tenth Newsletter (2023)
- Those Who Die for Life – like Hugo Chávez – Cannot Be Called Dead: The Ninth Newsletter (2023)
- The True Test of a Civilisation Is the Absence of Anxiety About Health: The Eighth Newsletter (2023)
- Rescue Collective Life by Reading a Red Book: The Seventh Newsletter (2023)
- The United States Wants to Make Taiwan the Ukraine of the East: The Sixth Newsletter (2023)
- Writing About a Joy That Invades Jenin: The Fifth Newsletter (2023)
- It Was the Workers Who Brought Us Democracy, and It Will Be the Workers Who Establish a Deeper Democracy Yet: The Fourth Newsletter (2023)
- When the People Have Nothing More to Eat, They Will Eat the Rich: The Third Newsletter (2023)
- The Winds of the New Cold War Are Howling in the Arctic Circle: The Second Newsletter (2023)
- Socialism Is Not a Utopian Ideal, but an Achievable Necessity: The First Newsletter (2023)
- The Hope of a Pan-African-Owned and Controlled Electric Car Project Is Buried for Generations to Come: The Fifty-Second Newsletter (2022)
- The Perils of Pious Neoliberalism in the Austerity State: The Fifty-First Newsletter (2022)
- The Road to De-Dollarisation Will Run through Saudi Arabia: The Fiftieth Newsletter (2022)
- Nothing Good Will Come from the New Cold War with Australia as a Frontline State: The Forty-Ninth Newsletter (2022)
- Mali’s Break with France Is a Symptom of Cracks in the Transatlantic Alliance: The Forty-Eighth Newsletter (2022)
- In Malay, Orangutans Means ‘People of the Forest’, but Those Forests Are Disappearing: The Forty-Seventh Newsletter (2022)
- Those Who Struggle to Change the World Know It Well: The Forty-Sixth Newsletter (2022)
- The Attack on Nature Is Putting Humanity at Risk: The Forty-Fifth Newsletter (2022)
- Africa Does Not Want to Be a Breeding Ground for the New Cold War: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2022)
- We Need a New Trade Union of the Poor Rooted in the Global South: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2022)
- The Last Thing Haiti Needs Is Another Military Intervention: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2022)
- When Will the Stars Shine Again in Burkina Faso?: The Forty-First Newsletter (2022)
- The Most Dangerous Situation That Humanity Has Ever Faced: The Fortieth Newsletter (2022)
- From Wounded Latin America, a Demand Comes to Put an End to the Irrational War on Drugs: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2022)
- Without Culture, Freedom Is Impossible: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter (2022)
- War Is Not the Answer to Deep Planetary Insecurity: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2022)
- We Will March, Even If We Have to Wade through the Pakistani Floodwaters: The Thirty-Sixth Newsletter (2022)
- Capitalism Created the Climate Catastrophe; Socialism Can Avert Disaster. The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2022)
- Indian Workers Defend Their Steel with Their Lives: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2022)
- When People Want Housing in India, They Build It: The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2022)
- Can We Please Have an Adult Conversation about China?: The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2022)
- Sri Lankans Seek a World in Which They Can Find Laughter Together: The Thirty-First Newsletter (2022)
- All That I Ask Is That You Fight for Peace Today: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2022)
- It Is Dark, but I Sing Because the Morning Will Come: The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2022)
- Will Our Children Be Literate? Will They Look Forward to the Future with Dignity?: The Twenty-Eighth Newsletter (2022).
- The United States Wants to Prevent a Historical Fact – Eurasian Integration: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2022)
- There are Hungry People. There are Hungry People: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2022)
- We Need to Build the Architecture of Our Future: The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2022)
- The Lethality of Washington’s Global Monroe Doctrine: The Twenty-Fourth Newsletter (2022)
- Land in South Africa Shall Be Shared Among Those Who Work It: The Twenty-Third Newsletter (2022)
- Africa, the Collateral Victim of a Distant Conflict: The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2022)
- And Then There Was No More Empire All of a Sudden: The Twenty-First Newsletter (2022)
- Art Is a Dream in Which We Imagine Our Future: The Twentieth Newsletter (2022)
- In a World of Great Disorder and Extravagant Lies, We Look for Compassion: The Nineteenth Newsletter (2022)
- With Clenched Fists, They Spend Money on Weapons as the Planet Burns: The Eighteenth Newsletter (2022)
- I Cannot Live on Tomorrow’s Bread: The Seventeenth Newsletter (2022)
- These Dark Times Are Also Filled with Light: The Sixteenth Newsletter (2022)
- We Do Not Want a Divided Planet; We Want a World Without Walls: The Fifteenth Newsletter (2022)
- This Is Not the Age of Certainty. We Are in the Time of Contradictions: The Fourteenth Newsletter (2022)
- History Rounds off Skeletons to Zero: The Thirteenth Newsletter (2022)
- In the World, There Are Many Traps, and It Is Necessary to Shatter Them: The Twelfth Newsletter (2022)
- We Are in a Period of Great Tectonic Shifts: The Eleventh Newsletter (2022)
- You Are Also a Victim of War like Us: The Tenth Newsletter (2022)
- In These Days of Great Tension, Peace Is a Priority: The Ninth Newsletter (2022)
- In These Days of Great Tension, Peace Is a Priority: The Ninth Newsletter (2022)
- Those Who Violated the Geneva Conventions at Guantánamo Are Free, While the Man who Helped Expose Their Crimes Languishes in Prison: The Eighth Newsletter (2022)
- What Red Book Will You Read This Year on Red Books Day (21 February)?: The Seventh Newsletter (2022)
- The Left Has Culture, but the World Still Belongs to the Banks: The Sixth Newsletter (2022)
- Make Noise about the Silent Crisis of Global Illiteracy: The Fifth Newsletter (2022)
- Make the Whole World Know that the South Also Exists: The Fourth Newsletter (2022)
- We Are Human, but in the Dark We Wish for Light: The Third Newsletter (2022)
- A Programme for a Future Society That We Will Build in the Present: The Second Newsletter (2022)
- The Highest Attainable Standard of Health Is a Fundamental Right of Every Human Being: The First Newsletter (2022)
- We Dance into the New Year Banging Our Hammers and Swinging Our Sickles: The Fifty-Second Newsletter (2021)
- I Want to Get Our Rights from the Americans Who Harmed Us: The Fifty-First Newsletter (2021)
- They Won’t Ever Find Us Because Our Love Is Bound to the Rocks: The Fiftieth Newsletter (2021)
- The Fierce Determination of Ordinary People to Build an Extraordinary World: The Forty-Ninth Newsletter (2021)
- We Have to Stand on Our Ground, the Best Ground from Which to Reach the Stars: The Forty-Eighth Newsletter (2021)
- This Victory Gives Confidence for Future Struggles: The Forty-Seventh Newsletter (2021)
- In the Name of Saving the Climate, They Will Uberise the Farmlands: The Forty-Sixth Newsletter (2021)
- Why Are You Asking Us to Compromise on Our Lives?: The Forty-Fifth Newsletter (2021)
- Will the People with Guns Allow Our Planet to Breathe: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2021)
- Being a Child in Yemen Is the Stuff of Nightmares: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2021)
- If All Refugees Lived in One Place, It Would Be the 17th Most Populous Country in the World: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2021)
- Women Hold Up More Than Half the Sky: The Forty-First Newsletter (2021)
- A World Without Hunger: The Fortieth Newsletter (2021)
- If the United Nations Charter Was Put To a Vote Today, Would It Pass?: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2021)
- Where Flowers Find No Peace Enough to Grow: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter (2021)
- The Sound of His Approaching Step Wakes Me and I See My Land’s Deprivation: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2021)
- Solely Because of the Increasing Disorder: The Thirty-Sixth Newsletter (2021)
- Africa’s Uprising is Frozen, Its Cry Swollen with Hope: The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2021)
- I Awakened Here When the Earth Was New: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2021)
- Create Two, Three, Many Saigons. That Is the Watchword: The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2021)
- Show the Children the Green Fields and Let the Sunshine into Their Minds: The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2021)
- China Eradicates Absolute Poverty While Billionaires Go for a Joyride to Space: The Thirty-First Newsletter (2021)
- The Great Contest of Our Time Is between Humanity and Imperialism: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2021)
- Washington Beats the Drum of Regime Change, but Cuba Responds to Its Own Revolutionary Rhythm: The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2021)
- A Senseless Cathedral of Doom: The Twenty-Eighth Newsletter (2021)
- Women Everywhere in the World Are Squeezed into a Tight Corner: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2021)
- Cuba’s Vaccine Shield and the Five Monopolies that Structure the World: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2021)
- The Spirit of Carabobo Will Overcome the Stench of Monroe: The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2021)
- The Kisan [Farmers’] Commune in India: The Twenty-Fourth Newsletter (2021)
- Every Region of the World Is the Worst Affected: The Twenty-Third Newsletter (2021).
- We Hug the Trees Because the Trees Have No Voice: The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2021).
- Lenin Went to Dance in the Snow to Celebrate the Paris Commune and the Soviet Republic: The Twenty-First Newsletter (2021)
- Sleep Now in the Fire: The Twentieth Newsletter (2021)
- If I Fall in the Struggle, Take My Place: The Nineteenth Newsletter (2021)
- In Kerala, the Present Is Dominated by the Future: The Eighteenth Newsletter (2021)
- I’m Still Here, Though My Country’s Gone West: The Seventeenth Newsletter (2021)
- A Bit of Hope That Doesn’t Come from Miami: The Sixteenth Newsletter (2021)
- I Entered My Country’s House of Justice and Found a Snake Charmer’s Temple: The Fifteenth Newsletter (2021)
- Zambia Is the Tip of the Tail of the Global Dog: The Fourteenth Newsletter (2021)
- The Vaccine Must Be a Common Good for Humanity: The Thirteenth Newsletter (2021)
- What You Call Love Is Unpaid Work: The Twelfth Newsletter (2021)
- There Are So Many Lessons to Learn from Kerala: The Eleventh Newsletter (2021).
- Neoliberalism Was Born in Chile; Neoliberalism Will Die in Chile: the Tenth Newsletter (2021)
- The Right to Live in Peace: The Ninth Newsletter (2021)
- Your Privileges Are Not Universal: The Eighth Newsletter (2021)
- Sometimes Marx’s Capital Is a Pillow, Sometimes It Obliges Us to Deepen Our Struggles: The Seventh Newsletter (2021)
- The Three Apartheids of Our Times (Money, Medicine, Food): The Sixth Newsletter (2021).
- Are We Not All in Search of Tomorrow: The Fifth Newsletter (2021)
- We Should All Be Outraged, But Outrage Is Not a Strong Enough Word: The Fourth Newsletter (2021)
- My Wish Is That You Win This Fight for Truth: The Third Newsletter (2021)
- The Country Where Liberty Is a Statue: The Second Newsletter (2021)
- We Are Living in an Emergency That Requires Urgent Action (a note written with Noam Chomsky): The First Newsletter (2021)
- The Future Will Only Contain What We Put into It Now: The Fifty-Third Newsletter (2020)
- All the Cannons Will Silently Rust: The Fifty-Second Newsletter (2020)
- The Revolutionaries, When They Rise, Care for Nothing but Love: Newsletter Fifty-One (2020)
- We Don’t Listen to the Dying Government of Donald Trump: The Fiftieth Newsletter (2020)
- We Are Grass. We Grow on Everything: The Forty-Ninth Newsletter (2020).
- We Suffer from an Incurable Disease Called Hope: The Forty-Eighth Newsletter (2020).
- It Is Freedom, Only Freedom Which Can Quench Our Thirst: The Forty-Seventh Newsletter (2020).
- Take a Deep Breath and Then Return to the Work of Building a New World: The Forty-Sixth Newsletter (2020).
- Wage War Against the Philosophy of War: The Forty-Fifth Newsletter (2020)
- We Are That History That Is Discredited, but Which Reappears When You Least Expect It: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2020)
- Paradise for Human Victims of Corporate Persons: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2020).
- Bullets Are Not the Seeds of Life: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2020)
- When Confronted by Us Hungry Bellies, the Imperialists Reach for Their Guns: The Forty-First Newsletter (2020).
- If I Didn’t Believe, I Wouldn’t Know How to Breathe: The Fortieth Newsletter (2020).
- Hunger Will Kill Us Before Coronavirus: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2020).
- Wise People Know That Winning a War Is No Better Than Losing One: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter (2020)
- Not Just an Orchard, Not Merely a Field, We Demand the Whole World: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2020).
- Six Complexities of These Pandemic Times: The Thirty-Sixth Newsletter (2020).
- Only the Struggle of the People Will Free the Country: The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2020).
- Tell the People That the Struggle Must Go On: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2020).
- It Is Late, but It Is Early Morning If We Insist a Little: The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2020)
- Do Not Reach for the Sky Just to Surrender: The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2020).
- Humanity Protests Against the Crimes of Death: The Thirty-First Newsletter (2020).
- Some Are in Super-Yachts and Others Are Clinging to Drifting Debris: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2020).
- Each Heartbeat Must Be Our Song; the Redness of Blood, Our Banner: The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2020).
- Here Not Death but the Future Is Frightening: The Twenty-Eighth Newsletter (2020).
- We Are in Palestine, Habibi, and Palestine Is Heaven: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2020).
- The Dangerous Incompetence of Narendra Modi and Jair Bolsonaro: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2020).
- Ten-Point Agenda for the Global South After COVID-19: The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2020).
- Living Is No Laughing Matter: The Twenty-Fourth Newsletter (2020).
- Goliath Is Not Invincible: The Twenty-Third Newsletter (2020).
- If You Do Not Feel for Humanity, You Have Forgotten to Be Human: The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2020).
- The Bouficha Appeal Against the Preparations for War: The Twenty-First Newsletter (2020).
- Hunger Gnaws at the Edges of the World: The Twentieth Newsletter (2020).
- It Takes a Revolution to Make a Solution: The Nineteenth Newsletter (2020).
- Farewell to the God of Plague: The Eighteenth Newsletter (2020).
- Either Socialism Will Defeat the Louse or the Louse Will Defeat Socialism: The Seventeenth Newsletter (2020).
- Without a Country in Which to Live, a Field to Plant, a Love to Cherish or a Voice to Sing, One is Dead: The Sixteenth Newsletter (2020).
- Femicide Does Not Respect the Quarantine: The Fifteenth Newsletter (2020).
- These Migrant Workers Did Not Suddenly Fall From the Sky: The Fourteenth Newsletter (2020).
- We Won’t Go Back to Normal, Because Normal Was the Problem: The Thirteenth Newsletter (2020)
- The Mutilated World Is Moved by the Nurses and Doctors: The Twelfth Newsletter (2020).
- Letter From the Great Wound: The Eleventh Newsletter (2020).
- We Who Were Nothing and Have Become Everything Shall Construct a New and Better World: The Tenth Newsletter (2020).
- Show Me The Words That Will Reorder the World, Or Else Keep Silent: The Ninth Newsletter (2020).
- You Write Injustice on the Earth; We Will Write Revolution in the Skies: The Eighth Newsletter (2020).
- I Am Tired of Holding Other Worlds in My Fist: The Seventh Newsletter (2020).
- This Is the Time for Solidarity, Not Stigma: The Sixth Newsletter (2020).
- I Will Hold You in My Arms a Day After the War: The Fifth Newsletter (2020).
- When Will The Winter Come to An End?: The Fourth Newsletter (2020).
- Your Arrow Can Pierce the Sky, But Ours Has Gone into Orbit: The Third Newsletter (2020).
- What Passes for Reality Is Not Worth Respecting: The Second Newsletter (2020).
- How Many Millions Did You Make for the Pennies You Gave to the Coolies: The First Newsletter (2020)
- We Are the Ones Who Will Awaken the Dawn: The Fifty-Second Newsletter (2019).
- Those Who Search for Dawn Don’t Fear the Night; Nor the Hand that Holds the Dagger: The Fifty-First Newsletter (2019).
- If You Want Peace, You Get War; If You Want War, You Get Rich: The Fiftieth Newsletter (2019)
- The Oppressive State Is a Macho Rapist: The Forty-Ninth Newsletter (2019)
- We Demand Changes So We Can Have a Future: The Forty-Eighth Newsletter (2019)
- We Thought the House Was Empty: The Forty-Seventh Newsletter (2019)
- Bolivia Does Not Exist: The Forty-Sixth Newsletter (2019).
- Even a Clown Is Fascinated by Ideas: The Forty-Fifth Newsletter (2019).
- The Test of a Country Is Not the Number of Millionaires It Owns, but the Absence of Starvation Among Its Masses: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2019).
- There’s Something That’s Ours on Those Streets and We’re Going to Take It Back: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2019).
- The IMF Does Not Fight Financial Fires But Douses Them With Gasoline: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2019).
- If You Take Away Freedom, All Four Seasons and I Will Die: The Forty-First Newsletter (2019).
- At First, I thought I Was Fighting to Save Rubber Trees. Now I Realize I Am Fighting for Humanity: The Fortieth Newsletter (2019).
- iPhone Workers Today Are 25 Times More Exploited Than Textile Workers in 19th Century England: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2019).
- My Voice Is the Gallows for All Tyrants: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter (2019).
- Strikes Have Followed Me All My Life: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2019).
- We Will See Roots Reaching Out for Each Other: The Thirty-Sixth Newsletter (2019)
- Hungering For The Language Of Class War: The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2019).
- Hybrid Wars Are Destroying Democracies: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2019).
- History Often Proceeds by Jumps and Zig-Zags. The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2019).
- There Must Be Bones Under The Paved Street: The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2019).
- Homage to OSPAAAL, the Organisation of Solidarity for the Peoples of Asia, Africa, and Latin America: Newsletter Thirty-One (2019).
- As the Ocean Waters Rise, So Do the Islands of Garbage: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2019).
- Revolutions Are Not the Train Ride, but the Human Race Grabbing for the Emergency Brake: The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2019).
- For the Reasons that Follow, that Country is Currently Not Likely to Be the United States: The Twenty-Eight Newsletter (2019).
- Religion is the Sigh of the Oppressed Creature: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2019).
- On Twitter, He Declares War on Iran: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2019)
- Using Democratic Institutions to Smash Democratic Aspirations (the Brazil Model): The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2019)
- Be Careful of the Crooked Smile of Powerful People: The Twenty-Fourth Newsletter (2019).
- Life and the People Have Never Let Us Down: The Twenty-Third Newsletter (2019).
- The World Divided by a Line is a Dead Body Cut in Two: The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2019).
- The Dogs of War Are Unchained Once More. The Twenty-First Newsletter (2019).
- We Are the Shadow-Ghosts, Creeping Back as the Camp Fires Burn Low: The Twentieth Newsletter (2019).
- We have Stolen His Land. Now We Must Steal His Limb: The Nineteenth Newsletter (2019).
- We Thought It Was Merely a Stone, But It Carried Away Our Wealth: The Eighteenth Newsletter (2019).
- If War Is an Industry, How Can There Be Peace in a Capitalist World? The Seventeenth Newsletter (2019).
- This is the Hour of Madness: The Sixteenth Newsletter (2019).
- Radical Thinking Must Fall Like a Gentle Mist, Not a Heavy Downpour: The Fifteenth Newsletter (2019).
- You Can’t Have Democracy When You Put the Truth in Prison: The Fourteenth Newsletter (2019)
- Singing in a Cage is Possible and So is Happiness: The Thirteenth Newsletter (2019)
- The Sunrise Will Be the Same for Those Who Wake and Those Who Never Will: The Twelfth Newsletter (2019).
- Killing the Most Beautiful Things We Own: The Eleventh Newsletter (2019)
- We Refuse to Stop Dreaming: The Tenth Newsletter (2019).
- We are the Invisible. We are the Invincible. We will Overcome. The Ninth Newsletter (2019).
- The President of the United States Is More the President of My Country Than the President of My Country: The Eighth Newsletter (2019)
- Phrasebook of Imperialism: The Seventh Newsletter (2019)
- The Mines are Weeping: The Sixth Newsletter (2019)
- Twelve Step Method to Conduct Regime Change: The Fifth Newsletter (2019)
- What The Mountain Taught the Mouse. The Fourth Newsletter (2019).
- My Hopes Lie Shattered. I Need Your Support: The Third Newsletter (2019)
- Struggles That Make the Land Proud: The Second Newsletter (2019)
- We are sorry for the inconvenience, but this is a Revolution: The First Newsletter (2019)
- The Butcher Washes His Hands Before Weighing the Meat: The Forty-Fourth Newsletter (2018).
- We Want Cash While Waiting for Communism: The Forty-Third Newsletter (2018)
- We Have No Choice But To Live Like Human Beings: The Forty-Second Newsletter (2018).
- This Economic Policy Has Been a Disaster, a Calamity for the Country’s Public Life: The Forty-first Newsletter (2018).
- Promote The Health of All The People of the World: The Fortieth Newsletter (2018)
- If the Field Cannot Feed the Farmer, then Burn the Field: The Thirty-Ninth Newsletter (2018).
- Living Our Lives Inside a Tragedy the Size of the Planet: The Thirty-Eighth Newsletter (2018)
- You Only Run For the Border When You See the Whole City Running As Well: The Thirty-Seventh Newsletter (2018).
- With Samir Amin By Our Side: The Thirty- Sixth Newsletter (2018)
- Experience is the Comb You Get When You Are Bald: The Thirty-Fifth Newsletter (2018)
- The Monstrous Anger of the Guns: The Thirty-Fourth Newsletter (2018).
- Tomorrow Will Be Too Late To Do What We Should Have Done A Long Time Ago: The Thirty-Third Newsletter (2018)
- This Village Is Too Big For Us: The Thirty-Second Newsletter (2018)
- Solidarity is More Than a Slogan: The Thirty-First Newsletter (2018)
- If You Think Education Is Expensive, Try Ignorance: The Thirtieth Newsletter (2018).
- There is No Refugee Crisis. There is Only a Crisis of Humanity: The Twenty-Ninth Newsletter (2018).
- If You Care Nothing Of Starvation, You Are Not a Socialist: The Twenty-Eighth Newsletter (2018)
- The Day of the Disappeared: The Twenty-Seventh Newsletter (2018)
- A World So Changed: The Twenty-Sixth Newsletter (2018)
- Let Us Be Midwives: The Twenty-Fifth Newsletter (2018)
- The Twenty-fourth Newsletter (2018): We Are The Mosquitos
- Twenty-Third Newsletter (2018): My Land Is Where I Lay My Feet
- The Twenty-Second Newsletter (2018): Message in a Bottle
- The Twenty-first Newsletter (2018): Where Do You Get Your News?
- The Twentieth Newsletter (2018): Assassinations.
- The Nineteenth Newsletter (2018): Right to a House, Right to a Life
- The Eighteenth Newsletter (2018): Refugees and Strongmen
- The Seventeenth Newsletter (2018): American Power and the Time of the Soft Coup
- The Sixteenth Newsletter (2018): Lives Taken, Lives Lived
- The Fifteenth Newsletter (2018): Trump World
- The Fourteenth Newsletter (2018): Imperialism Has Had a Tough Week.
- The Thirteenth Newsletter (2018): Venezuela
- The Twelfth Newsletter (2018): Guns and Butter
- The Eleventh Newsletter (2018): Opening The Doors of Hell
- The Tenth Newsletter (2018): Marx and His Old Mole