Socialism

While the capitalist system rewards short-term cycles, building a dignified future is a slow task that requires disciplined organisation and an enduring struggle to bring forth the social forces of a new world.

The widespread misery imposed by capitalism demands that we organise hope through collective struggle; only then can we build a future where human dignity supersedes the destructive profit motive.

The future is not what comes tomorrow, the time of the calendar. It is when our human journey breaks from the realism of capitalism and enters a structure that permits us to fully solve human…

The Indian state of Kerala has eradicated extreme poverty through clear public policy, decentralised planning, and the leadership of its cooperative movement.

Backed by powerful working-class and peasant movements as well as left governments that have been in power intermittently, Kerala’s cooperative movement has sprouted thousands of cooperatives, each one an incubator of possible futures beyond capitalism.

As we commemorate eighty years since the people’s victory in the World Anti-Fascist War, we must remember who truly saved humanity – and honour their sacrifice with the truth.

China showcases a number of promising developments in the construction of socialism – though not without challenges and contradictions.

Rather than a fixed ideal, socialism is a process of experimentation. The essays in this issue examine how China’s modernisation offers new insights into the socialist path, with all its contradictions.

This issue of Wenhua Zongheng (文化纵横) explores socialist experiments, China’s unique industrial development, and debates over agrarian transformation amidst ideological struggles.

Li Tuo traces how China’s modernisation can be understood as part of a long tradition of socialist experimentation, from the Paris Commune to Lenin’s New Economic Policy and China’s own reform and opening up.

The fourth issue traces the historical evolution of socialism and examines how socialism will continue to develop in the twenty-first century.

The second issue assesses the current state and future direction of China’s socialist project, in the context of its complex historical development.